Monday, April 22, 2024

SDR Radios - Hardware & Software Links

A Software-Defined Radio (SDR) is a wireless radio system that uses software to process radio signals instead of using hardware components. SDRs use software-based algorithms to configure radio parameters like frequency, modulation, and operating modes. This eliminates the need for hardware components like mixers, modulators, and demodulators. 

A basic SDR system consists of a computer with speakers, headphones, or some other analog-to-digital converter, preceded by some form of RF front end; such as a USB radio transceiver and size of antenna. 

Commercially available SDR hardware can transmit and receive signals at various frequencies depending on its internal hardware, and the type (and size) of antenna that you are using. The aim of these SDR devices is to reduce the overall cost of access and use of RF hardware technologies and provide end-users with access to ubiquitous wireless.

SDR Radios:

SDR Radio "Add-Ons":

Antennas:

What Size Antenna Do You Need?

Di-Pole Antenna Size Formula:

468 / Frequency = Antenna Size in Feet

  • Divide 468 / by the frequency you want to tune in to:
    The answer you get will be your needed antenna size in "Feet".
    468 / 443.2Mhz = 1.06ft
  • Multiply the "Feet" total by 12 to convert your antenna size into inches:
    1.06ft * 12 = 12.67"
  • Divide your Antenna Size in inches by 2 to get your "Per-Element" size, in inches:
    12.67" / 2 = 6.34" Each Side

SDR Radio Software:

SDR Software Add-ons:

Radio Programming:

Radio Websites:


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Tuesday, April 16, 2024

Cyberdeck: "System In A Box" Build

Cyberdeck v1 Build

The goal of building this "system in a box" was to put something together that was a full-fledged portable network, had a mini-server, SDR/radio capabilities, GPS, and Bluetooth, all on the go! But it needed to be powered by a portable battery (such as a Jackery) or via a power inverter from a car. 
This is what I came up with and is my first attempt at this "system in a box" Cyberdeck! This build has been working MUCH better than I expected and has come together very well, but I am still tweaking and modifying stuff over time and am open to suggestions :)

The main parts used in this build...

Pacific NW Computers

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Flipper Zero: Tips & Tricks To Help Get You Started!

Flipper Zero: Tips & Tricks

So what is a Flipper Zero anyway?
The Flipper Zero website describes the device as "a portable multi-tool for pen-testers and geeks in a toy-like body. It loves hacking digital stuff, such as radio protocols, access control systems, hardware, and more. It's fully open-source and customizable, so you can extend it in whatever way you like."

I do own and use a Flipper Zero, but I do NOT use it for anything nefarious and don't plan on ever using it for anything like that. But I do find it VERY handy to learn about digital security risks around me with my own systems, as well as help identify and secure weaknesses for my clients! 

If you do end up purchasing one of these devices, I have a few tips to help get you going!

  1. You NEED to have a micro SD Card to be able to set up and use your Flipper Zero, but the Flipper Zero unfortunately does NOT come with an SD card.
    • Use a 32GB or smaller micro SD card; the higher the quality the better!
    • I typically format an SD card with exFAT, FAT16, or FAT32 on a computer before installing the MicroSD card into Flipper Zero. I have run into issues formatting a micro SD card through the Flipper Zero itself. So I recommend formatting your micro SD card using a computer before you install it into your Flipper Zero.
  2. Install the qFlipper software and with your Flipper Zero connected to a computer installed with qFlipper, update your Flipper Zero's firmware and databases:
  3. Next, I like to install third-party firmware. Lately have been a BIG fan of the Flipper Xtreme firmware due to its pre-installed features and tools: 
  4. Next, I recommend going through the FlipperZero Online Documentation to learn how to use the different/various functions of the FlipperZero:
  5. There is also a YouTube channel from a creator called "The Talking Sasquatch" that has some great guides to help you get going using a Flipper Zero as well!

Recommended Add-Ons:


Pacific NW Computers

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Monday, April 1, 2024

What Specs Do You Need In A New Computer!?

CPUs:

Both Intel and AMD employ a numbering system to classify their CPU models based on their respective performance.

AMD Ryzen Series:
  • Ryzen 3: Entry-level processors suitable for basic tasks.
  • Ryzen 5: Mid-range CPUs with good performance for multitasking and light gaming.
  • Ryzen 7: High-performance processors designed for demanding tasks, including content creation and gaming.
  • Ryzen 9: Top-tier CPUs for power users, professionals, and enthusiasts.
Intel Core Series:
  • i3: Entry-level processors for everyday computing needs.
  • i5: Mid-range CPUs offering a balance of performance and affordability.
  • i7: High-performance processors suitable for gaming, content creation, and productivity.
  • i9: Premium CPUs with exceptional performance for intensive workloads.

Higher model numbers generally indicate better performance, but it’s essential to consider other factors like clock speed, cache size, and core count. We usually recommend CPUs be 2Ghz or higher.

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